The Department of Veterans Affairs has proudly unveiled a new, 3-D printed Naloxone trainer at some Midwest VA clinics as well as Orlando, FL. The creation of the 3-D printed Narcan trainer comes on the heels of rising overdose deaths among the public. It is one of several initiatives the VA has taken to reduce the number of overdose deaths among veterans nationwide.
Created by a dedicated VA nurse, Diane Mosey, the 3-D printer trainer is an exciting opportunity to teach the public how to save lives. It's also a stark reminder of the growing problem of opioid overdoses plaguing Veterans and the public at large, and the importance of Narcan training.
Simplicity in Design
The VA’s Office of Advanced Manufacturing (OAM), took on the task of helping nurse Mosey’s Naloxone spray trainer design come to life. Mosey originally created a prototype of the trainer using a piece of plywood and some rubber bands to hold her creation in place. While it might be practical for small, personal use, Mosey enlisted the help of the OAM to create a more permanent solution.
What she created with the help of OAM was the 3-D printed Naloxone trainer, which will be mass-produced by the OAM and launched in several different VA medical centers nationwide. The transformation is nothing short of creative and extraordinary.
Humble Beginnings
The original design featured a mannequin’s nose (similar to that of a CPR dummy) held to a piece of plywood with bands. A chain-linked small Narcan spray bottle accompanied the device, intended to help the user simulate the action of spraying the life-saving opioid overdose reversal medicine in each nostril.
The new OAM-created device still has a clear human-like nose and an attached Naloxone spray. The spray is similar to Narcan, which is the most widely available Naloxone spray used by the public and even some first responders. There are other alternatives to Narcan, including other forms like injectables, but Narcan’s nasal form is the most widely used.
3 Steps to Saving Lives
In addition to having a Narcan-like spray bottle attached to the Narcan trainer, it also has three simple steps to follow when dispensing Narcan. The steps on the trainer are as follows:
- Hold nasal spray with thumb on plunger. Place index and middle fingers on nozzle.
- Gently insert the nozzle into nostril.
- Fully depress plunger.
The trainer also says to not prime Narcan before use. Priming means to spray the medicine a few times first to make sure it's working. Fortunately, you don't need to prime Narcan for it to be effective. Although priming and giving more sprays than necessary (1-2) won't have any adverse effects, even if someone isn't experiencing an opioid-related overdose, it's best to not waste the medication.
The trainer's intuitive and easy-to-use design makes it easy for laypersons to use the trainer without formal medical training or knowledge. For those who are more visual learners, there are also videos online about the Naloxone trainer which can help people learn more about the trainer and see it used in action.
Where to Find the 3-D Narcan Trainer
The VA's 3-D Narcan trainer is currently found in medical centers located in VISN-12, which includes Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois. A recent partnership with the Simulation Learning, Evaluation, Assessment, and Research Network (SimLEARN) has also led to the trainer being available in Orlando, FL.
The trainers are strategically placed in waiting rooms, allowing patients or their loved ones to practice using them while they wait for their appointments. This gives veterans and the public an opportunity to familiarize themselves with how to administer Narcan in case of an emergency.
The VA's goal is to expand the distribution of the trainers to more medical centers across the country in order to reach a larger population and prevent overdose deaths. According to their press release, they also plan on partnering with VA healthcare providers and community organizations to spread the availability of the trainer.
Why is Narcan Training Necessary?
Addiction among veterans is often linked to the high rate of chronic pain and mental health disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), that they experience. In addition, many veterans have been prescribed opioid medications for their injuries sustained in combat or during their service. This makes them particularly vulnerable to developing an addiction.
Sadly, U.S. military veterans make up a large percentage of those addicted to substances, including opioids. They have also been largely impacted by the opioid crisis. New statistics show that overdose deaths among veterans rose between 2010 and 2019 by a shocking 53%. The increasing number of overdose deaths is a wake-up call for the VA to act quickly and implement preventative measures like Narcan training.
Train to Act
Muscle memory and training are important for life-saving techniques, and this goes beyond just CPR. The more people who have hands-on experience using Narcan, the more lives that can be saved in opioid overdose emergencies.
The VA's 3-D Narcan trainer brings us one step closer to achieving this goal by providing a simplified method of training individuals on how to use Narcan. It provides people not only the know-how, but the confidence to use Narcan if or when they encounter someone experiencing an opioid overdose.
Decreasing Stigma
While the public is used to seeing trainers for CPR, washing hands, or using an AED, seeing a Narcan trainer may be unfamiliar. However, putting trainers on the forefront raises awareness and helps decrease the stigma around opioid addiction.
The more we talk about it, the more people will realize that addiction and overdose deaths are an ever-growing reality. While there is no easy way to solve the opioid crisis, the VA's 3-D Narcan trainer is a step in the right direction and saves lives in the meantime.
Stay Prepared with Narcan on Hand
Being trained in using Naloxone spray and Narcan can help save lives. For veterans and their families alike, as well as the public, knowing where to access Narcan and how to properly use it is crucial. The VA's 3-D Narcan trainer makes this training more accessible and easy to learn, providing a sense of preparedness for any potential opioid overdose emergency. Narcan Finder can also help those looking for Naloxone near them. Use our search tool to find Narcan and Naloxone near you, so you can be prepared and help save a life.
A new bill signed by Governor Newson improves headway for all California employers to, eventually, stock Naloxone in first aid kits. The bill, AB 1976, sets a deadline of December 1, 2028, for the Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board to consider proposals that would require all employers to have Naloxone or other opioid antagonists readily available on their worksites.
Naloxone in California and nationwide has become increasingly important as opioid-related deaths continue to rise. From workplace fatalities to accidents caused by overdoses and drug use, it's no surprise that lawmakers are now pushing for its widespread availability in the workplace.
What is AB 1976?
Assembly Bill 1976 is a bill that proposes the Division of Occupational Safety and Health of California (Cal/OSHA) submit amendments to requirements for first aid kits in California. According to these amendments, employers would now have to legally include Naloxone or other opioid antagonists on worksites. The bill aims to ensure that all employers in the state of California are equipped with life-saving medication that's stored properly and easy to access.
However, the bill did receive pushback from some organizations. In particular, the National Electrical Contractors Association and other construction industry stakeholders found it difficult to support changes to first aid kit standards right away. These organizations expressed concerns over proper storage of medication in construction sites, for instance, and training protocols for administering Naxolone. However, since the bill now only states that a proposal must be considered by December 1, 2028, and not necessarily implemented by then, many organizations have started to support it.
Why is Naloxone in California important in the workplace?
Naloxone is a medication used to reverse the effects of an opioid overdose. As opioid-related fatalities continue to increase in both California and nationwide, having Naloxone readily available in the workplace can save lives. In fact, according to a recent Cal/OSHA Petition, overdoses now account for nearly 1 in 11 worker deaths on the job nationwide. In California specifically, over 18% of workplace deaths in 2021 were due to an unintentional overdose.
Unfortunately, the signs and symptoms of someone struggling with an opioid addiction might not always be apparent, especially in the workplace. In addition, overdoses might not always be apparent, especially with opioids.
Recognizing Signs of an Overdose
Recognizing the signs and symptoms of an overdose, in addition to having naloxone on hand, can play a huge role in saving lives. Signs and symptoms of an opioid overdose can include:
- Slow or shallow breathing
- Drowsiness or difficulty staying awake
- Small, pinpoint pupils
- Confusion or disorientation
- Blue or purple tint to lips and fingernails
If you notice any of these signs in a coworker or employee, it is important to take action immediately. This could mean administering naloxone if available, calling 911, and providing first aid until help arrives.
In addition to recognizing these signs, proper training on administering naloxone can also make a significant impact in the workplace. By having naloxone and trained employees, businesses can be better prepared to handle emergencies.
Where Can Employees Find Naloxone?
Fortunately, Narcan and naloxone are available over the counter at most pharmacies. This means that anyone can purchase and keep them on hand in case of emergencies, including in the workplace. Even if you are not required by law to have naloxone in the workplace, or don't use opioids yourself, it can still be a potentially life-saving measure to have on hand.
Other places you can access Narcan and naloxone in California besides a traditional pharmacy include:
- Public health clinics
- Harm reduction centers
- Needle exchange sites
- Hospitals
- Community organizations
These are all excellent places where employees can also access resources for addiction treatment in addition to Naloxone in California. Whether it's enrolling in a rehab program or harm reduction, every resource that can help promote recovery and safety should be utilized by employees.
Creating a Safe and Supportive Workplace
Even if state law doesn't require Naloxone in California for employees, businesses should consider carrying naloxone to benefit and protect employees. Having naloxone available in the workplace can also send a message of support and safety for employees struggling with addiction or those who have loved ones who use opioids.
In addition, providing resources such as employee assistance programs, mental health services, and education on substance abuse can create a more open and supportive environment. In short, while state laws pave the way toward de-stigmatization of drug use, employers can do their part to create a safe and supportive workplace for all employees in the meantime.
Educating Employees about Proper Naloxone Use
Another important step in preventing opioid overdoses in the workplace is educating employees about proper Naloxone use and storage. Like most medications, Narcan and other opioid antagonists should be used as directed to get the most benefit.
AB 1976 specifically wants nasal naloxone in California to be provided in workplaces. Nasal sprays like Narcan are incredibly easy and intuitive to use. All you need to do is remove the protective cap, place the nozzle in a nostril, and press down on the plunger to administer the medication.
However, it's important for employees to understand how to properly store naloxone as well. The medication should be kept at room temperature and protected from direct sunlight. It should also be stored out of reach of children or anyone who may accidentally misuse it.
Employee training should include recognizing the signs of an opioid overdose, administering naloxone, and calling for emergency medical assistance. Additionally, employees should be made aware that naloxone is not a replacement for professional medical care and that calling 911 is always the best course of action in case of an overdose.
Encouraging Naloxone and Narcan Use
Whether someone is at home or at work, having Narcan or Naloxone on hand can mean the difference between life and death. AB 1976 highlights the importance of continuous change and support for people with substance and opioid use disorder. Narcan Finder is here to help employees and employers alike in obtaining, storing, and using naloxone properly! Check out our interactive map to find Narcan sites near you. Whether you're looking for Naloxone in California or any other state, Narcan Finder has you covered.
Gone are the days when the only life-saving tool for students at school was the EpiPen at the nurses’ office. Narcan for students is vital to have on hand, and recent incidents show having naloxone available can save students’ lives and prepare teachers for the worst.
But, can parents depend on their schools to stay prepared in case their children suffer from an overdose? While some schools might now be stocking up on this opioid antagonist, the stigma surrounding opioid use might still hinder some schools and faculty from fully embracing the life-saving nature of Narcan.
California Leads the Way In Naloxone Availability for Students
The good news is that many states are now encouraging and even creating policies to ensure naloxone, Narcan, and other opioid antagonists are stocked and ready to be used for children at school. California is, in fact, one of the best examples of states taking the initiative to save lives, with policies helping college, middle school, and high school students.
The Campus Opioid Safety Act for College Students
The Campus Opioid Safety Act was signed into law in January of 2023. This law requires all public college campuses in the state to provide educational and preventive information about opioid overdose to all students on campus as part of their orientation and to distribute a federally-approved opioid overdose reversal medication like Narcan or other naloxone.
Budgeting for High School and Middle School Students
California’s Governor Newsom’s proposed 2023–24 state budget also included $3.5 million to purchase naloxone for every middle and high school in the state. While millions in funding might seem incredibly steep for this medication, the life-saving effects of these policies are already being seen.
In San Fransisco, East Bay High School was one of several schools with naloxone on hand after the School District ordered 144 units to be placed strategically around several schools. The result - a school nurse trained to administer Narcan saved the life of a student suffering from an opioid overdose in April of this year.
As of March 2023, Los Angeles also allows students to carry their own Narcan in schools. With Los Angeles Unified School District standing as the second-largest school district in the Nation, only time will tell if their decision to allow students access to Naloxone and Narcan will influence other districts to follow suit.
Hesitations Perists Due to Opioid Stigma
With these inspirational stories and changes becoming more common in schools, one would think that states, including California, would readily implement a 100% availability policy for students. Unfortunately, even California has its issues, with a recent report from CalMatters finding that some college students still struggle with finding Narcan despite the Campus Opioid Safety Act.
Some of the many myths that might prevent schools from carrying Narcan include issues such as:
- Carrying Narcan means we are a bad school
- Allowing opioid-reversal drugs only encourages use among students
- Narcan is only necessary in schools with high drug activity.
These hesitations and stigmas are often perpetuated by a lack of education and understanding about opioids and addiction. In reality, carrying Narcan does not make a school "bad" – it shows that the school is proactive in protecting its students' health and well-being. Furthermore, having Narcan for students readily available does not encourage drug use – it simply provides a safety net for those who may accidentally or intentionally overdose.
It's also important to note that opioid overdoses can occur anywhere, regardless of the level of drug activity in a school. With the rise of prescription opioid abuse, even schools with no history of drug activity should still consider carrying naloxone.
Narcan Availability in States
States are rapidly evolving their policies to encourage and even legally require various insurers, institutions, and schools to carry naloxone. According to the January 2023 Naloxone Access Summary of State Laws by the Legislative Analysis and Public Policy Association:
- Thirty states have statutory language regarding access to naloxone in schools.
- Ten of these states require each school district to develop a policy concerning the use of naloxone
- Twenty states allow schools to possess naloxone and authorize a school nurse or other school employee to administer naloxone but do not require schools to do so.
- States including Maine, Nevada, Iowa, and New York, allow schools to possess and keep naloxone on the premises
- Maryland, Washington, Wisconsin, and now California, have laws that address primary and secondary schools as well as higher education.
Stay Informed and Prepared During Back to School
As parents, it's also vital that we stay informed and educated on state laws, where to access Narcan for students, and how to recognize the signs of opioid overdose. Familiarize yourself with your state's laws regarding naloxone in schools. Find out if your child's school has a policy for administering naloxone.
Parents should also talk to their children about the dangers of prescription opioid abuse and how Narcan for students can save lives. If you haven’t already, consider purchasing a Narcan nasal spray or other form of naloxone for you or your child. Even carrying it with you when attending school events or activities with students present might prove to be a life-saving decision.
Find Narcan Near You
If you need help finding Narcan for students, for your child, or for yourself, use our search tool today! Narcan Finder provides the latest information on harm reduction sites, addiction centers, and other sites near you to help you get access to life-saving naloxone. It's easy to use our search tool to help you stay prepared for the upcoming school year and might be the difference between life and death.
Gas stations are places of convenience that people visit to fuel up their vehicles and grab snacks on the go. But now, in Chicago, they are becoming something more - a lifeline for those battling opioid addiction. That's because as of December 2023, the life-saving opioid overdose reversal drug Naloxone is available for free at select gas stations in the city.
Increased Access to Naloxone
During the end of 2023, officials in Chicago started a pilot program to make Naloxone available for free at 14 gas stations across the city. This is part of a larger effort to increase access to the medication, which can reverse the effects of an opioid overdose and potentially save lives.
More important than its availability is the fact that Naloxone in these locations will be free. Currently, the cost of one of the most well-known brands of Naloxone, Narcan, comes at a whopping $45 per box. Each box contains 2 nasal sprays, which is the recommended dose for someone experiencing an opioid overdose. That means that with this program, individuals in Chicago will be able to access potentially life-saving medication without having to worry about the high cost.
Are Gas Stations the Best Areas for Naloxone?
The first gas station to unveil Zimhi, the injectable form of Naloxone, is the Amoco gas station in the North Lawndale neighborhood on the city’s West Side. According to one former user, Matt McFarland of the nonprofit Lawndale Christian Legal Center, "This gas station lies in one of the ‘hot zones’ across the City of Chicago, experiencing a high number of opioid-related deaths.”
While overdoses and overdose deaths can occur anywhere, a study examining city streetscapes of where overdoses occur showed that fatal overdoses are common in areas where adults loitered, such as gas stations, and areas with higher poverty. However, it's important to note that overdoses aren't restricted to these areas or the homeless population. They can happen anywhere and to anyone.
According to the above study, other common areas include:
- Construction sites or areas with scaffolding
- Homeless shelters
- Supportive housing
- Public parks
- Public transit
With that being said, it's critical to make Naloxone available in areas where there is a high likelihood of opioid use and overdose. Gas stations, being frequented by individuals from different backgrounds and demographics, could potentially reach a larger population in need of Naloxone.
Zimhi Vs. Narcan
It's important to note that the form of Naloxone being distributed at the Amoco gas station and others is Zimhi, not Narcan. While both are forms of Naloxone and can reverse an opioid overdose, there are some key differences between the two.
Zimhi Is Injectable
Zimhi is an injectable form of Naloxone that delivers an extremely high dose through the muscle. This is also known as IM, or intramuscular injection. Many people are familiar with epi-pens for allergic reactions, which is somewhat similar to how Zimhi is administered.
The packaging with the injector is easy to use and comes with step-by-step instructions. While it’s a bit more cumbersome to administer, according to FDA prescribing information on Zimhi, it can be administered through clothing and is designed for people as young as 12 years old to administer.
Narcan Is a Nasal Spray
Narcan, on the other hand, is a nasal spray form of Naloxone. This makes it more user-friendly and easier for non-medical personnel to administer in an emergency situation. It's also a lower dose compared to Zimhi.
However, while generic brands have recently become available without a prescription, OTC versions aren't available in every pharmacy. If you do find naloxone at a pharmacy, it might be the brand name Narcan instead of a generic version. In short, Narcan is highly effective and life-saving, but does come with a hefty price tag.
Both Are Effective in Reversing Overdose
Despite the differences between Zimhi and Narcan, both forms of Naloxone are equally effective at reversing an opioid overdose. The main difference lies in their delivery methods and dosages. It's important to note that time is crucial when administering either form of Naloxone, so it's best to use either form that's on hand.
Future Availability
Chicago's initiative is fairly new, and not unlike community centers around the country that are already giving away free Narcan kits. The difference is its availability in areas where people who are experiencing an overdose or their companions can access the medication quickly. As the opioid epidemic continues to rage in America, Chicago's program can be the first of many to focus life-saving efforts on the most dire areas.